Poniatowski, Ii Stanislaus August Antoni

Биографические сведения о замечательных людях | Stanisław August Poniatowski | Пол: мужчина | Aliases: Stanisław II August, Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski | Рождение: 17 янв 1732 - Vowchyn | Смерть: Cause of death: Stroke - 12 фев 1798 - Saint Petersburg | Religion: Catholicism | Nationality: Poland | Родственники: РодствоИмяРождениеОтецStanisław Poniatowski15 сен 1676МатьKonstancja Czartoryska29 янв 1676ДочьIzabela Grabowska26 мар 1776СынStanisław Grabowski29 окт 1780ДочьKonstancja Żwanowa1768СынMichal Grabowski1773СынMichał Cichockiсен 1770ДочьAnna Petrovna9 дек 1757СынKazimierz Grabowski1770СестраIzabella Poniatowska1 июл 1730БратKazimierz Poniatowski15 сен 1721БратAndrzej Poniatowski28 сен 1734БратMichał Jerzy Poniatowski10 окт 1736БратAleksander Poniatowski1725БратFranciszek Poniatowski1723СестраLudwika Maria Poniatowska30 ноя 1728ЖенаElżbieta Szydłowska1748

the last King of Poland / Król Polski / Lenkijos karalius, Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis

Каталог Семейных Деревьев сайта GenealogieOnline | Roi Stanislas Ii Auguste Poniatowski | Пол: мужчина | Рождение: 17 янв 1732 | Семейное положение: Élisabeth Szydlowski1783 | Смерть: 12 фев 1798 - Saint-Pétersbourg, Russie | Отец: Stanislas Poniatowski | Мать: Princesse Constance Czartoryski | Ребенок: Comte Stanislas Konopnicy-Grabowski | Источник: | Смотри первоисточник | на | сайте GenealogieOnline | Примечания к источнику: Some family trees were posted years ago and have later been removed. In such cases, the link to the original record will not work.

FamilySearch Family Tree | Stanisław August Poniatowski | Еще известный как: Stanisław August Anton Poniatowski h. Ciołek | Пол: мужчина | Рождение: 17 янв 1732 - Wołczyn, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Смерть: 12 фев 1798 - Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | Захоронение: 31 янв 1798 - Posen, Preußen, Deutschland | Родители: Stanislaw Poniatowski Comte, Konstancja Zofia Poniatowski (Czartoryska) | Супруги: Elżbieta Grabowska, Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna, «Empress Catherine the Great» Sophia Augusta Frederika von Anhalt Zerbst | Дети: Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia, Konstancja Zwanowa Poniatowski Cichocka, Michal Cichocki, Izabela Elżbieta Sobolewski herbu Oksza (Grabowska), Stanislas Konopnicy Grabowski, Kazimierz Grabowski, Stanislaw Grabowski | Родные брат/сестра: Kazimierz Jakub Poniatowski h. Ciołek, Franciszek Prince Poniatowski, Aleksander Poniatowski h. Ciołek, Ludwika Maria Countess Zamoyski (Poniatowska), Izabella Countess Poniatowska, Andrzej Poniatowski, Michał Jerzy Ludwik Poniatowski h. Ciołek | Дополнительная информация: | | LifeSketch: Stanisław II August, born Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski of the Ciołek coat of arms (b. January 17, 1732 in Wołczyn, died. February 1??/ February 12, 1798 in St. Petersburg) was the last ruler of the Polish Commonwealth in 1764-1795. The assessment of his rule remains the subject of disputes. Revaluated as the initiator and co-author of the political reforms carried out by the Four-Year Sejm, one of the main authors of the Constitution on 3 May and as a patron of science and art, Stanisław August was simultaneously criticized as the king elected to the Polish throne thanks to the support of the Empress of the Russian Empire Catherine II, and for the fact that he could not prevent the partitions of the Republic of Poland and joined the Targowice Confederation. From 1755 he was a capital carpenter of the Great Lithuanian, and then in the years 1756-1764 the starost of the Pre-Subs. From 1755 to 1758, while at the St. Petersburg court, he had an affair with Princess Catherine Alexeyena, the future Empress of Russia. Associated with the Czartoryski Family, he became its candidate for King of Poland after the death of August III. With the personal support of Catherine II and in Russia\'s military intervention, he was elected king at the Elephant Sejm in 1764. Contrary to the expectations of the Empress, he tried to modernize and strengthen the political situation in the difficult political situation of the Republic of Poland. He started the implementation of the Familia program, i.e. the strengthening of royal power and reform of the state system. In 1765 he founded the Knights’ School in Warsaw to educate future cadets. He formed a permanent Polish diplomatic service.[1] His reform efforts met with external opposition from Prussia, the Habsburg Empire and the Russian Empire[1][1], which were in the interest of maintaining the weak position of the Republic; as well as with the internal opposition, mainly in the circles of conservative magnates. The reformist actions of the king led to the intervention of Russia, ostensibly in defense of the Polish-Customer system and the rights of dissidents. In response to the entry of Russian troops, the anti-royal and anti-Russian confederation in the Bar (1768–1772), which intensified the crisis in the state. The consequence of the defeat of the confederation was the First Partition of Poland in 1772. Since joining the throne, Stanisław August has made efforts to strengthen Polish culture. In 1765 he founded the National Theatre in Warsaw. In the same year, the Monitor magazine was established at its patronage. From about 1770, the king organized «Thursday dinners».[1] The National Education Commission was established at its request in 1773. The king also established a palace and garden complex in the Bathrooms. The king’s situation was difficult, because already in the first years of his reign he lost the support of Czartoryski, and the nobility opposition did not weaken. Subsequent seimas, circulating under the junction of the confederation (like the first during the king’s reign) did not give hope for political reforms. From the Sejm in 1776 until 1788, no Sejma worked under the confederation. In the last part of the reign of Stanisław August, in the years 1788-1792, the Four-Yal-Year Sejm carried out significant political reforms. Russia, focused on the war with Turkey, encouraged by the king by the proposal of an anti-Turkish alliance, agreed to be held under the confederation junction and carrying out partial reforms, mainly the army. The Sejm was dominated by the Prussian orientation, to which the king was acceded. The result was the support of the Sejm and the alliance with Prussia in 1790. The Sejm did not dissolve, but only co-opted additional deputies, which further strengthened the reformist party. The result was the adoption of the Constitution on May 3, 1791, of which the king was one of the main authors. The nobility opposition, supported by Russia, established a confederation in Targowica in May 1792. After the entry of the Russian army, a war broke out in defense of the Constitution. Despite the moderate successes of the new, enlarged royal army, the king unbelieving in the chances of further resistance and disappointed by the lack of reaction from Prussia, capitulated and joined the Targowica. In 1793, he took part in the Grodno Sejm, which withdrew the reforms of the Four-Year Sejm and adopted the Second Partoction of Poland. The king did not play an important role in the Kościuszko Insurrection, to which he joined, despite the fact that he was reluctant to him. After the conclusion of the Third Parting (1795), meaning the end of the existence of the Republic of Poland, the king left Warsaw and went to Grodno, under the care and supervision of the Russian Visernik, after which he abdicated on 25 November 1795 to Russia. He spent the last years of his life in St. Petersburg. He died on February 12, 1798.

Каталог Семейных Деревьев сайта GenealogieOnline | Roi Stanislas Ii Auguste Poniatowski | Пол: мужчина | Рождение: 17 янв 1732 | Семейное положение: Élisabeth Szydlowski1783 | Смерть: 12 фев 1798 - Saint-Pétersbourg, Russie | Отец: Stanislas Poniatowski | Мать: Princesse Constance Czartoryski | Ребенок: Comte Stanislas Konopnicy-Grabowski | Источник: | Смотри первоисточник | на | сайте GenealogieOnline | Примечания к источнику: Some family trees were posted years ago and have later been removed. In such cases, the link to the original record will not work.

FamilySearch Family Tree | King Stanislaw August Poniatowski | Пол: мужчина | Рождение: 17 янв 1732 - Wolczyn, now Belarus | Семейное положение: Между 1784 и 1789 | Смерть: 12 фев 1798 - Saint Petersburg, Russia | Захоронение: 1798 - Saint Petersburg, , Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation | Отец: Stanislaw Poniatowski Comte | Жена: Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna | Дети: Michael Grabowski Poniatowski «Wilczynski», Stanislaw Grabowski Poniatowski, Aleksandra Grabowska Poniatowski, Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia, Konstancja Zwanowa Poniatowski Cichocka, Isabel Grabowska Poniatowski, Michael Cichocki Poniatowski | Родные брат/сестра: Kazimierz Jakub Poniatowski h. Ciołek, Franciszek Prince Poniatowski, Aleksander Poniatowski h. Ciołek, Ludwika Maria Countess Zamoyski (Poniatowska), Izabella Countess Poniatowska, Stanisław August Poniatowski, Andrzej Poniatowski, Michał Jerzy Ludwik Poniatowski h. Ciołek | Дополнительная информация: | | TitleOfNobility: King of Poland

the last King of Poland / Król Polski / Lenkijos karalius, Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis | Должность: the last King of Poland / Król Polski / Lenkijos karalius, Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis